TÜRKİYE DE 18 YAŞ ALTI İÇİN ŞİRKET KURMA SÜRECİ VE GEREKLİLİKLER

COMPANY ESTABLISHMENT PROCESS AND REQUIREMENTS FOR UNDER 18 YEARS OF AGE IN TURKEY

Important points

• In Turkey, young people under the age of 18 can establish a company with parental approval.
• In some sectors, age restrictions may restrict the scope of activity of young entrepreneurs.
• Government-supported programs and private sector initiatives encourage youth entrepreneurship.
• Expert support in legal consultancy, business plan preparation and financial planning is important.
• Examining the stories of successful young entrepreneurs is inspiring for the new generation.

Legal Framework of Young Entrepreneurship in Turkey

The legal framework for youth entrepreneurship in Turkey is very important to strengthen the economy. Commercial law requires setting up a company and learning about the different types of companies. Young entrepreneurs should not start business life before learning this information.

The Turkish Commercial Code states that there are five types of companies in Turkey:

• Incorporated company
• Limited company
• Limited partnership with capital divided into shares (capital companies)
• ordinary limited liability company
• Unlimited company (sole proprietorships)

Joint stock and limited companies are very common in Turkey. 82% companies are limited, 13% are joint stock companies, and 4% are cooperatives. Collective and limited partnership companies are 1%.

The requirements for establishing a company are specified in the Turkish Commercial Code. Young entrepreneurs should learn this information. Thus, they can cope with difficulties in business life.

Rights and Limitations of Minors to Establish a Company

In Turkey, individuals under the age of 18 are subject to some restrictions on establishing a company. Parental or guardian support is crucial in this process. In some cases, additional rights may be obtained by court decision.

• The Importance of Parental or Guardian Support

Parental or guardian support is very important for underage entrepreneurs. In order for someone under the age of eighteen to establish a company, a company agreement signed by a parent is required3. This support continues from the business plan to the signing of official documents.

Parents or guardians guide young entrepreneurs. They help them take the right steps.

The commercial enterprise is managed by the parent or guardian on behalf of those who are considered minors and disabled. However, this limits the role of legal representatives in the business activities of minors.

• Rights Acquired by Court Decision

In some exceptional cases, minors may acquire commercial rights by court decision. For example, a commercial enterprise was opened in the name of Yakup Kerim K., but the trustee request was rejected4. According to the Turkish Commercial Code, the trustee must participate in order for the child to become indebted.

The guardianship authority appoints a representative trustee in cases of conflict between the interests of the child and the interests of the legal representative4. The appointed trustee must comply with the instructions of the guardianship authority.

Age Group	Right to Establish a Company	Required Conditions
Under 18	Possible with parent or guardian support	Parental consent, signed company agreement
18 years and above	Full rights	Standard company formation procedures

Minors' rights to establish a company depend on parental or guardian support and court decisions. Young entrepreneurs must cooperate with their legal representatives and comply with the law.

Company Type Options for Individuals Under the Age of 18

Young entrepreneurs should choose their company type carefully when starting business life. In Turkey, it is generally possible for individuals under the age of 18 to set up an e-commerce site with the permission of a parent or guardian. Private companies and limited companies are highly preferred by young entrepreneurs.

• The Process of Establishing a Sole Proprietorship Company

A sole proprietorship is easy to manage, quick to set up and inexpensive for young entrepreneurs. A sole proprietorship company can be established provided that the person is over 18 years of age and is not a civil servant. Persons under the age of 18 require the permission of a parent or legal representative for commercial transactions.

Documents required to establish an e-commerce site include business name, tax number and business permits.

• Requirements for Establishing a Limited Company

A limited company is more corporate and requires more procedures. There is a capital requirement of 10,000 TL for these companies. Partners have limited liability for company debts.

Individuals under the age of 18 need two identification documents and a passport photo taken within the last 6 months to make a transaction. To establish an e-commerce site, young entrepreneurs must go through the stages of business plan, market research, website establishment and marketing strategies development.

Company Type	Foundation Capital	Number of Partners	Liability of Partners
Sole Proprietorship	No capital requirement	At least 1 person	Unlimited liability
Limited Company	At least 10,000 TL	Minimum 1, maximum 50 people	Limited liability

Young entrepreneurs should consider their personal goals, risk tolerance and financial means when choosing their company type. Getting professional support in company establishment reduces risks.

Establishing a Company with Parental Approval

In Turkey, parental approval is required for young entrepreneurs under the age of 18 to establish a company. This confirmation is given as an official power of attorney or notarized document. This helps the company get on a legal footing.

The entrepreneur's business plan and goals are examined in detail. The responsibilities of all parties are clarified.

Limited companies are popular among young entrepreneurs. These companies offer high turnover potential thanks to e-commerce. Although at least one partner is required to establish a limited company, the capital requirement increases.

0.04% of the declared capital is allocated as Competition Authority Fee. 25% of the capital is deposited in the bank.

Parental leave is very important for young entrepreneurs to realize their dreams. We must believe in their potential and help them achieve success.

The documents required for the establishment of a limited company include the articles of association and the manager's statement. Additionally, if there is no manager, a statement from the manager is required. Additionally, capital valuation reports and corporate decisions are also important.

After signing the contract, each page is signed by the manager or authorized personnel. When establishing a company, being directly involved or working with a financial advisor ensures accuracy in legal compliance.

The basic steps of the process of establishing a company with parental approval are:

1. The entrepreneur prepares his business plan and goals in detail
2. Review business plan and legal requirements with parent
3. Obtaining parental approval through an official power of attorney or notarized document
4. Preparation and signing of necessary documents according to company type
5. Registering to the Trade Registry Office, obtaining a tax number and opening a bank account

Young entrepreneurs should receive parental support when establishing a company. They should make their business plans and financial planning meticulously. They should also seek advice on taxes, contracts and permits. Thus, they can start their e-commerce activities in accordance with legal procedures and ready.

Financial and Legal Consultancy for Young Entrepreneurs

Young entrepreneurs should take the right steps in financial and legal matters when establishing a company. This is crucial for the future of your business. An accurate business plan and financial projection forms the basis for a successful venture. Financial consultancy helps you achieve your goals.

• Business Plan Preparation and Financial Planning

An impressive business plan is important for attracting investors and business partners. Your business plan should state your company's vision, target market, competitive advantages and financial forecasts. Proper financial planning allows you to manage your cash flow and increase your profitability.

For ordinary partnerships, duty and stamp tax are calculated as the commitment fee for "dividend shares". The support of entrepreneurial women encourages them and increases their motivation.

• Expert Support on Tax, Contracts and Permits

When establishing a company, it is important to get support regarding tax legislation, contracts and legal permits. For ordinary partnerships, a notarized petition and the information of the parties must be stated. Legal consultancy helps you prepare your contracts and fulfill your legal obligations.

If children join the company, they may be represented by a trustee in the court. Tax consultancy allows you to benefit from tax advantages.

"As a young entrepreneur, the financial and legal consultancy services I received while establishing my business guided me in making the right decisions and coping with difficulties. Thanks to these supports, I was able to build my company on solid foundations." - A Successful Young Entrepreneur

It is important for young entrepreneurs to have access to financial and legal support for the success of their companies. It has been stated that women entrepreneurs contribute to economic growth. However, more institutional support is needed to support women's entrepreneurship.

Incentives Offered to Young Entrepreneurs in Turkey

In Turkey, government supports, entrepreneurship programs, incentives are offered for young entrepreneurs by the private sector and non-governmental organizations. These incentives aim to help young entrepreneurs realize their ideas and establish sustainable businesses.

• State Supported Entrepreneurship Programs

Government institutions offer various programs to young entrepreneurs. Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises Development and Support Administration (KOSGEB) offers training, grants and low-interest loan opportunities. The Scientific and Technological Research Council of Türkiye (TÜBİTAK) supports technology-focused initiatives. Turkish Employment Agency (İŞKUR) provides young unemployed people with the opportunity to start a business by organizing entrepreneurship training.

• Initiatives of the Private Sector and Non-Governmental Organizations

Companies and banks operating in the private sector support young entrepreneurs. These institutions discover young talents by organizing entrepreneurship competitions. Non-governmental organizations help young people mature their business ideas through trainings, seminars and entrepreneurship camps.

Institution	Support Type	Target Audience
KOSGEB	Grant, low interest loan, training	Young entrepreneurs
TÜBİTAK	Grant, mentoring	Technology-oriented young entrepreneurs
İŞKUR	Entrepreneurship training	Young unemployed
Private Sector	Competitions, mentoring, networking, financial support	Young entrepreneur candidates
Non-Governmental Organizations	Trainings, seminars, entrepreneurship camps	Young people in the entrepreneurship ecosystem

In summary, the incentives offered to young entrepreneurs in Turkey are increasing and diversifying. These supports help young entrepreneurs overcome obstacles. Young people contribute to the country's economy by turning their business ideas into reality.

Training and Mentoring Opportunities for Young Entrepreneur Candidates

Various training and mentoring programs are offered to young entrepreneur candidates in Turkey. These programs help young people enter the world of work. Courses organized by universities, private institutions and non-governmental organizations provide young people with information on topics such as business planning and marketing strategies.

Mentoring programs provide support to young people by experienced business people. Middle East Technical University (METU) is a prominent institution in entrepreneurship training. METU ranked first among the state universities in Turkey in the 2024 THE World Universities rankings.

METU has achieved success in areas such as employer recognition and academic recognition, rising to the 213th place in the world. These achievements show METU's quality in entrepreneurship education.

"Continuous learning and development is essential to be successful as an entrepreneur. Trainings and support from mentors make a big difference in this journey." - Young Entrepreneur Ahmet Yılmaz

Entrepreneurship and Development Magazine is an important resource for young entrepreneurs. It published its 2021 summer issue. The editorial board includes Ankara Yıldırım Beyazıt University and other universities. The referee committee consists of experts from Gazi University and other institutions.

Articles sent to the journal are evaluated by three referees. Referee reports are kept confidential for five years. This shows the quality of the magazine.

However, the impact of mentoring programs on intrapreneurship in family businesses may be limited. In a study conducted in Ankara, 273 family businesses were examined. Various dimensions of entrepreneurial characteristics were measured and evaluated.

As a result, training and mentoring opportunities are very important for young entrepreneur candidates. These programs help young people enter the world of work. However, the impact of mentoring programs is not always the same. The entrepreneur's motivation and effort are also very important.

Inspiring Examples from Successful Young Entrepreneurs

Entrepreneurs who enter business life at a young age and establish their own businesses set an example for other entrepreneurs. Many young people in Turkey and around the world have achieved success thanks to their innovative ideas and determined work. These examples encourage young entrepreneurs and provide motivation to cope with difficulties.

• Young Entrepreneur Success Stories from Turkey

Success stories of young entrepreneurs are increasing in Turkey. Young entrepreneurs stand out with their characteristics such as risk-taking tendency and self-confidence. Young people with these characteristics achieve success in different sectors.

"Never give up chasing your dreams. With faith, perseverance and hard work, you can overcome any obstacle." - Emre Kurttepeli, founder of Mynet

Emre Kurttepeli managed to create one of Turkey's leading companies by establishing Mynet during his university years. Kurttepeli draws attention with his determination and visionary perspective.

• Inspiring Journeys of Young Entrepreneurs from Around the World

Young entrepreneurs around the world are implementing innovative business ideas. These entrepreneurs are determined and passionate about overcoming obstacles. They are setting an example.

Entrepreneur	Company	Achievements
Mark Zuckerberg	Facebook	He founded Facebook at the age of 19 and became the world's youngest billionaire.
Elon Musk	Tesla, SpaceX	It revolutionized electric automobile and space technologies.
Kylie Jenner	Kylie Cosmetics	He founded his own cosmetics brand at the age of 21 and became the youngest 'self-made' billionaire.

These young entrepreneurs emphasize the importance of innovation and perseverance in business. Their stories provide motivation and belief to young entrepreneurs.

 In conclusion;

For young entrepreneurs in Turkey, establishing a company is shaped by laws and supports. Children under the age of 18 can enter business life with parental support. A capital of 100 TL is sufficient to register with the Chamber of Commerce. But some crafts cannot be registered with the Chamber of Commerce.

There are many opportunities for young entrepreneurs in Turkey. Joint stock partnership is the most preferred form and can be established with a capital of fifty thousand TL. It is very important for entrepreneurs under the age of 18 to take the right steps and follow the laws. Getting a business plan, financial planning and legal support helps with success.

Support is needed for young people to strengthen their entrepreneurial potential in Turkey. Establishing a company will become easier with the creativity and energy of young people. Proper guidance of children under the age of 18 will contribute to the economy.

 Ifaturk, A Reliable Companion for Young Entrepreneurs

Young entrepreneur candidates may encounter many legal and financial requirements as they step into the business world. At this point, they need a reliable consultancy service. Ifasturk helps young entrepreneurs easily overcome legal procedures and create business plans professionally. Ifaturk is with you at every step, from parental approval to company type selection, from financial planning to legal consultancy, helping young entrepreneurs achieve success. You can make a strong start to the business world by meeting Ifaturk's experienced team.

Mesut SENEL | Ifasturk CEO

Independent Accountant Financial Advisor